Commands

Complete list of all commands available for wranglerOpen external link, the Workers CLI.

​generate

Scaffold a Cloudflare Workers project from a public GitHub repository.

$ wrangler generate [$NAME] [$TEMPLATE] [--type=$TYPE] [--site]

Default values indicated by =value.

​init

Creates a skeleton wrangler.toml in an existing directory. This can be used as an alternative to generate if you prefer to clone a template repository yourself, or you already have a JavaScript project and you’d like to use Wrangler.

$ wrangler init [$NAME] [--type=$TYPE] [--site]

Default values indicated by =value.

​build

Build your project (if applicable). This command looks at your wrangler.toml file and runs the build steps associated with the"type" declared in your wrangler.toml.

$ wrangler build [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME]

​login

$ wrangler login

Authenticate Wrangler with your Cloudflare login. This will prompt you with a Cloudflare account login page and is the alternative to wrangler config.

​config

An interactive command that will authenticate Wrangler by prompting you for a Cloudflare API Token or Global API key.

$ wrangler config [--api-key]

You can also use wrangler login or environment variables to authenticate.

​publish

Publish your Worker to Cloudflare. Several keys in your wrangler.toml determine whether you are publishing to a workers.dev subdomain or your own registered domain, proxied through Cloudflare.

$ wrangler publish [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME]

To use this command, the following fields are required in your wrangler.toml:

From here, you have two options, you can choose to publish to your own domain or you can choose to publish to <your-worker>.<your-subdomain>.workers.devOpen external link.

When you publish changes to an existing Worker script, all new requests will automatically route to the updated version of the Worker without downtime. Any inflight requests will continue running on the previous version until completion. Once all inflight requests have finished complete, the previous Worker version will be purged and will no longer handle requests.

​Publishing to workers.dev

If you want to publish to workers.devOpen external link, you will first need to have a subdomain registered. You can register a subdomain by executing the subdomain command.

After you have registered a subdomain, add workers_dev to your wrangler.toml.

​Publishing to your own domain

If you would like to publish to your own domain, you will need to specify these three fields in your wrangler.toml.

​Publishing the same code to multiple places

If you would like to be able to publish your code to multiple places, please see the documentation for environments.

​dev

wrangler dev is a command that establishes a connection between localhost and an edge server that operates your Worker in development. A cloudflared tunnel forwards all requests to the edge server, which continuously updates as your Worker code changes. This allows full access to Workers KV, Durable Objects, etc. This is a great way to easily test your Worker while developing.

$ wrangler dev [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME] [--ip <ip>] [--port <port>] [--host <host>] [--local-protocol <http|https>] [--upstream-protocol <http|https>]

These arguments can also be set in your wrangler.toml; see wrangler dev configuration.

​Usage

You should run wrangler dev from your Worker directory, and wrangler will run a local server accepting requests, executing your worker, and forwarding them to a host. If you want to use another host other than your zone or tutorials.cloudflare.com you can specify with --host example.com.

$ wrangler dev
💁  JavaScript project found. Skipping unnecessary build!
💁  watching "./"
👂  Listening on http://127.0.0.1:8787

From here you can send HTTP requests to localhost:8787 and your Worker should execute as expected. You will also see console.log messages and exceptions appearing in your terminal. If either of these things don’t happen, or you think the output is incorrect, please file an issueOpen external link.

​kv_namespaces

If you are using kv_namespaces with wrangler dev, you will need to specify a preview_id in your wrangler.toml before you can start the session. This is so that you do not accidentally write changes to your production namespace while you are developing. You may make preview_id equal to id if you would like to preview with your production namespace, but you should make sure that you are not writing things to KV that would break your production Worker.

​tail

Starts a log tailing session for a deployed Worker.

$ wrangler tail [--format $FORMAT] [--status $STATUS] [OPTIONS]

After starting wrangler tail in a directory with a project, you will receive a live feed of console and exception logs for each request your Worker receives.

Like all Wrangler commands, run wrangler tail from your Worker’s root directory (i.e., the directory with your wrangler.toml).

​preview

Preview your project using the Cloudflare Workers preview serviceOpen external link.

$ wrangler preview [--watch] [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME] [ --url $URL] [$METHOD] [$BODY]

Default values indicated by =value.

​kv_namespaces

If you are using kv_namespaces with wrangler preview, you will need to specify a preview_id in your wrangler.toml before you can start the session. This is so that you do not accidentally write changes to your production namespace while you are developing. You may make preview_id equal to id if you would like to preview with your production namespace, but you should make sure that you are not writing things to KV that would break your production Worker.

​Previewing on Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 1/2)

​Setting $BROWSER to your browser binary

WSL is a Linux environment, so wrangler attempts to invoke xdg-open in order to open your browser. To make wrangler preview work with WSL, you should set your $BROWSER to the path of your browser binary.

eg. $ export BROWSER="/mnt/c/tools/firefox.exe" Spaces in filepaths are not common in Linux, and some programs like xdg-open break on paths with spacesOpen external link. You can work around this by linking the binary to your /usr/local/bin eg:

$ ln -s "/mnt/c/Program Files/Mozilla Firefox/firefox.exe" firefox
$ export BROWSER=firefox

​Setting $BROWSER to wsl-open

Another option is to install wsl-openOpen external link and set the $BROWSER env variable to wsl-open, via wsl-open -w. This ensures that xdg-open uses wsl-open when it attempts to open your browser.

If you’re using WSL 2, you will need to install wsl-open via their standalone methodOpen external link rather than through npm. This is because their npm package has not yet been updated with WSL 2 support.

​route

List or delete a route associated with a zone:

$ wrangler route list [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME]

Default values indicated by =value.

Will return a json response from the List Routes APIOpen external link. Each entry includes the route id, pattern, and associated Worker name for a route. Piping this through a tool such as jq will pretty up the output.

$ wrangler route delete $ID [--env $ENVIRONMENT_NAME]

Default values indicated by =value.

​subdomain

Create or change your workers.devOpen external link subdomain.

$ wrangler subdomain <name>

​secret

Interact with your secrets.

​put

Interactive command to create or replace a secret

$ wrangler secret put <name> --env ENVIRONMENT_NAME
Enter the secret text you’d like assigned to the variable name on the script named my-worker-ENVIRONMENT_NAME:

​delete

Interactive command to delete a secret from a specific script

$ wrangler secret delete <name> --env ENVIRONMENT_NAME

​list

List all the secret names bound to a specific script

$ wrangler secret list --env ENVIRONMENT_NAME

​kv

The kv subcommand allows you to store application data in the Cloudflare network to be accessed from Workers, using Workers KVOpen external link. KV operations are scoped to your account, so in order to use any of these commands, you need to:

• have a Wrangler project set up with your account_id configured in the wrangler.toml
• call commands from within a Wrangler project directory.

​Getting started

To use Workers KV with your Worker, the first thing you must do is create a KV namespace. This is done with the kv:namespace subcommand.

The kv:namespace subcommand takes as a new binding name as an argument. It will create a Worker KV namespace whose title is a concatenation of your Worker’s name (from wrangler.toml) and the binding name you provide:

$ wrangler kv:namespace create "MY_KV"
🌀  Creating namespace with title "my-site-MY_KV"
✨  Success!
Add the following to your wrangler.toml:
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "e29b263ab50e42ce9b637fa8370175e8" }
]

Make sure to add the kv_namespaces output above to your wrangler.toml. You can now access it from a Worker with code like:

let value = await MY_KV.get("my-key")

To put a value to your KV namespace via Wrangler, use the kv:key put subcommand.

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding=MY_KV "key" "value"
✨  Success

You can also specify which namespace to put your key-value pair into using --namespace-id instead of --binding:

$ wrangler kv:key put --namespace-id=e29b263ab50e42ce9b637fa8370175e8 "key" "value"
✨  Success

Additionally, KV namespaces can be used with environments! This is useful for when you have code that refers to a KV binding like MY_KV, and you want to be able to have these bindings point to different namespaces (like one for staging and one for production). So, if you have a wrangler.toml with two environments:

[env.staging]
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "e29b263ab50e42ce9b637fa8370175e8" }
]

[env.production]
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "a825455ce00f4f7282403da85269f8ea" }
]

To insert a value into a specific KV namespace, you can use

$ wrangler kv:key put --env=staging --binding=MY_MV "key" "value"
✨  Success

Since --namespace-id is always unique (unlike binding names), you don’t need to pass environment variables for them (they will be unused).

There are way more helpful Wrangler subcommands for interacting with Workers KV, like ones for bulk uploads and deletes--check them out below!

​Concepts

Most kv commands require you to specify a namespace. A namespace can be specified in two ways:

1. With a --binding:

   $ wrangler kv:key get --binding=MY_KV "my key"

   • This can be combined with --preview flag to interact with a preview namespace instead of a production namespace

2. With a --namespace_id:

   $ wrangler kv:key get --namespace-id=06779da6940b431db6e566b4846d64db "my key"

Most kv subcommands also allow you to specify an environment with the optional --env flag. This allows you to publish workers running the same code but with different namespaces. For example, you could use separate staging and production namespaces for KV data in your wrangler.toml:

type = "webpack"
name = "my-worker"
account_id = "<account id here>"
route = "staging.example.com/*"
workers_dev = false

kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "06779da6940b431db6e566b4846d64db" }
]

[env.production]
route = "example.com/*"
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "07bc1f3d1f2a4fd8a45a7e026e2681c6" }
]

With the wrangler.toml above, you can specify --env production when you want to perform a KV action on the namespace MY_KV under env.production. For example, with the wrangler.toml above, you can get a value out of a production KV instance with:

$ wrangler kv:key get --binding "MY_KV" --env=production "my key"

To learn more about environments, check out the environments documentation.

​kv:namespace

​create

Creates a new namespace.

$ wrangler kv:namespace create $NAME [--env=$ENVIRONMENT_NAME] [--preview]

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:namespace create "MY_KV"
🌀  Creating namespace with title "worker-MY_KV"
✨  Add the following to your wrangler.toml:
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", id = "e29b263ab50e42ce9b637fa8370175e8" }
]

$ wrangler kv:namespace create "MY_KV" --preview
🌀  Creating namespace with title "my-site-MY_KV_preview"
✨  Success!
Add the following to your wrangler.toml:
kv_namespaces = [
  { binding = "MY_KV", preview_id = "15137f8edf6c09742227e99b08aaf273" }
]

​list

Outputs a list of all KV namespaces associated with your account id.

$ wrangler kv:namespace list

​Usage

The example below uses the jq command line tool to pretty-print output.

$ wrangler kv:namespace list | jq "."
[
  {
    "id": "06779da6940b431db6e566b4846d64db",
    "title": "TEST_NAMESPACE"
  },
  {
    "id": "32ac1b3c2ed34ed3b397268817dea9ea",
    "title": "STATIC_CONTENT"
  }
]

​delete

Deletes a given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:namespace delete --binding= [--namespace-id=]

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:namespace delete --binding=MY_KV
Are you sure you want to delete namespace f7b02e7fc70443149ac906dd81ec1791? [y/n]
yes
🌀  Deleting namespace f7b02e7fc70443149ac906dd81ec1791
✨  Success

$ wrangler kv:namespace delete --binding=MY_KV --preview
Are you sure you want to delete namespace 15137f8edf6c09742227e99b08aaf273? [y/n]
yes
🌀  Deleting namespace 15137f8edf6c09742227e99b08aaf273
✨  Success

​kv:key

​put

Writes a single key/value pair to the given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding= [--namespace-id=] $KEY $VALUE
✨  Success

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding=MY_KV "key" "value"
✨  Success

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding=MY_KV --preview "key" "value"
✨  Success

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding=MY_KV "key" "value" --ttl=10000
✨  Success

$ wrangler kv:key put --binding=MY_KV "key" value.txt --path
✨  Success

​list

Outputs a list of all keys in a given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:key list --binding= [--namespace-id=] [--prefix] [--env]

​Usage

The example below uses the jq command line tool to pretty-print output.

$ wrangler kv:key list --binding=MY_KV --prefix="public" | jq "."
[
  {
    "name": "public_key"
  },
  {
    "name": "public_key_with_expiration",
    "expiration": "2019-09-10T23:18:58Z"
  }
]

​get

Reads a single value by key from the given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:key get --binding= [--env=] [--preview] [--namespace-id=] "$KEY"

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:key get --binding=MY_KV "key"
value

​delete

Removes a single key value pair from the given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:key delete --binding= [--env=] [--preview] [--namespace-id=] "$KEY"

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:key delete --binding=MY_KV "key"
Are you sure you want to delete key "key"? [y/n]
yes
🌀  Deleting key "key"
✨  Success

​kv:bulk

​put

Writes a file full of key/value pairs to the given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:bulk put --binding= [--env=] [--preview] [--namespace-id=] $FILENAME

Takes as an argument a JSON file with a list of key-value pairs to upload (see JSON spec above). An example of JSON input:

[
  {
    "key": "test_key",
    "value": "test_value",
    "expiration_ttl": 3600
  }
]

The schema below is the full schema for key-value entries uploaded via the bulk API:

If both expiration and expiration_ttl are specified for a given key, the API will prefer expiration_ttl.

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:bulk put --binding=MY_KV allthethingsupload.json
🌀  uploading 1 key value pairs
✨  Success

​delete

Deletes all specified keys within a given namespace.

$ wrangler kv:bulk delete --binding= [--env=] [--preview] [--namespace-id=] $FILENAME

Takes as an argument a JSON file with a list of key-value pairs to delete (see JSON spec above). An example of JSON input:

[
  {
    "key": "test_key",
    "value": ""
  }
]

​Usage

$ wrangler kv:bulk delete --binding=MY_KV allthethingsdelete.json
Are you sure you want to delete all keys in allthethingsdelete.json? [y/n]
y
🌀  deleting 1 key value pairs
✨  Success

​--help

$ wrangler --help
👷 ✨  wrangler 1.12.3
The Wrangler Team <wrangler@cloudflare.com>

USAGE:
    wrangler [SUBCOMMAND]

FLAGS:
    -h, --help       Prints help information
    -V, --version    Prints version information

SUBCOMMANDS:
    kv:namespace    🗂️  Interact with your Workers KV Namespaces
    kv:key          🔑  Individually manage Workers KV key-value pairs
    kv:bulk         💪  Interact with multiple Workers KV key-value pairs at once
    route           ➡️  List or delete worker routes.
    secret          🤫  Generate a secret that can be referenced in the worker script
    generate        👯  Generate a new worker project
    init            📥  Create a wrangler.toml for an existing project
    build           🦀  Build your worker
    preview         🔬  Preview your code temporarily on cloudflareworkers.com
    dev             👂  Start a local server for developing your worker
    publish         🆙  Publish your worker to the orange cloud
    config          🕵️  Authenticate Wrangler with a Cloudflare API Token or Global API Key
    subdomain       👷  Configure your workers.dev subdomain
    whoami          🕵️  Retrieve your user info and test your auth config
    tail            🦚  Aggregate logs from production worker
    login           🔓 Authenticate Wrangler with your Cloudflare username and password
    help            Prints this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)