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Metrics and analytics

D1 exposes database analytics that allow you to inspect query volume, query latency, and storage size across all and/or each database in your account.

The metrics displayed in the Cloudflare dashboard ↗ charts are queried from Cloudflare’s GraphQL Analytics API. You can access the metrics programmatically via GraphQL or HTTP client.

Metrics

D1 currently exports the below metrics:

MetricGraphQL Field NameDescription
Read Queries (qps)readQueriesThe number of read queries issued against a database. This is the raw number of read queries, and is not used for billing.
Write Queries (qps)writeQueriesThe number of write queries issued against a database. This is the raw number of write queries, and is not used for billing.
Rows read (count)rowsReadThe number of rows read (scanned) across your queries. See Pricing for more details on how rows are counted.
Rows written (count)rowsWrittenThe number of rows written across your queries.
Query Response (bytes)queryBatchResponseBytesThe total response size of the serialized query response, including any/all column names, rows and metadata. Reported in bytes.
Query Latency (ms)queryBatchTimeMsThe total query response time, including response serialization, on the server-side. Reported in milliseconds.
Storage (Bytes)databaseSizeBytesMaximum size of a database. Reported in bytes.

Metrics can be queried (and are retained) for the past 31 days.

Row counts

D1 returns the number of rows read, rows written (or both) in response to each individual query via the client API.

Row counts are a precise count of how many rows were read (scanned) or written by that query. Inspect row counts to understand the performance and cost of a given query, including whether you can reduce the rows read using indexes. Use query counts to understand the total volume of traffic against your databases and to discern which databases are actively in-use.

Refer to the Pricing documentation for more details on how rows are counted.

View metrics in the dashboard

Per-database analytics for D1 are available in the Cloudflare dashboard. To view current and historical metrics for a database:

  1. Log in to the Cloudflare dashboard ↗ and select your account.
  2. Go to Workers & Pages > D1 ↗.
  3. Select an existing database.
  4. Select the Metrics tab.

You can optionally select a time window to query. This defaults to the last 24 hours.

Query via the GraphQL API

You can programmatically query analytics for your D1 databases via the GraphQL Analytics API. This API queries the same datasets as the Cloudflare dashboard, and supports GraphQL introspection.

D1's GraphQL datasets require an accountTag filter with your Cloudflare account ID and include:

  • d1AnalyticsAdaptiveGroups
  • d1StorageAdaptiveGroups
  • d1QueriesAdaptiveGroups

Examples

To query the sum of readQueries, writeQueries for a given $databaseId, grouping by databaseId and date:

query {
  viewer {
    accounts(filter: { accountTag: $accountId }) {
      d1AnalyticsAdaptiveGroups(
        limit: 10000
        filter: {
          date_geq: $startDate
          date_leq: $endDate
          databaseId: $databaseId
        }
        orderBy: [date_DESC]
      ) {
        sum {
          readQueries
          writeQueries
        }
        dimensions {
          date
          databaseId
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

To query both the average queryBatchTimeMs and the 90th percentile queryBatchTimeMs per database:

query {
  viewer {
    accounts(filter: { accountTag: $accountId }) {
      d1AnalyticsAdaptiveGroups(
        limit: 10000
        filter: {
          date_geq: $startDate
          date_leq: $endDate
          databaseId: $databaseId
        }
        orderBy: [date_DESC]
      ) {
        quantiles {
          queryBatchTimeMsP90
        }
        dimensions {
          date
          databaseId
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

To query your account-wide readQueries and writeQueries:

query {
  viewer {
    accounts(filter: { accountTag: $accountId }) {
      d1AnalyticsAdaptiveGroups(
        limit: 10000
        filter: {
          date_geq: $startDate
          date_leq: $endDate
          databaseId: $databaseId
        }
      ) {
        sum {
          readQueries
          writeQueries
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Query insights

D1 provides metrics that let you understand and debug query performance. You can access these via GraphQL's d1QueriesAdaptiveGroups or wrangler d1 insights command.

D1 captures your query strings to make it easier to analyze metrics across query executions. Bound parameters are not captured to remove any sensitive information.

Examples

To find top 10 queries by execution count:

Terminal window
npx wrangler d1 insights <database_name> --sort-type=sum --sort-by=count --count=10

To find top 10 queries by average execution time:

Terminal window
npx wrangler d1 insights <database_name> --sort-type=avg --sort-by=time --count=10

To find top 10 queries by rows written in last 7 days:

Terminal window
npx wrangler d1 insights <database_name> --sort-type=sum --sort-by=writes --count=10 --timePeriod=7d
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