Add an infrastructure application

Access for Infrastructure allows you to have granular control over how users access individual servers, clusters, or databases in your private network. By adding an infrastructure application to Cloudflare Access, you can configure how users authenticate to the resource as well as control and authorize the ports, protocols, and usernames that they can connect with. Access and command logs ensure regulatory compliance and allow for auditing of user activity in case of a security breach.

Note

Access for Infrastructure currently only supports SSH.

Prerequisites

• Connect your private network to Cloudflare using cloudflared or WARP Connector.
• Deploy the WARP client on user devices in Gateway with WARP mode.
• Install and trust the Cloudflare root certificate on user devices.

1. Add a target

A target represents a single resource in your infrastructure (such as a server, Kubernetes cluster, database, or container) that users will connect to through Cloudflare. Targets are protocol-agnostic, meaning that you do not need to define a new target for each protocol that runs on the server.

To create a new target:

Dashboard

1. In Zero Trust ↗, go to Network > Targets.
2. Select Add a target.
3. In Target hostname, enter a user-friendly name for the target resource. We recommend using the server hostname, for example production-server. The hostname does not need to be unique and can be reused for multiple targets.

   Format restrictions

   • Case insensitive
   • Contain no more than 255 characters
   • Contain only alphanumeric characters, -, or . (no spaces allowed)
   • Start and end with an alphanumeric character
4. In IP addresses, enter the private IPv4 and/or IPv6 address of the target resource. If the IP address overlaps across multiple private networks, select the virtual network where the resource is located.

IP address requirements

• Public IPs are not currently supported.
• The IP address must be reachable through Cloudflare Tunnel.
• You must input the full IP address. The selector in the UI does not do partial matches.

5. Select Add target.

API

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/{account_id}/infrastructure/targets \
--header "Authorization: Bearer <API_TOKEN>" \
--data '{
  "hostname": "infra-access-target",
  "ip": {
    "ipv4": {
      "ip_addr": "187.26.29.249",
      "virtual_network_id": "c77b744e-acc8-428f-9257-6878c046ed55"
    },
    "ipv6": {
      "ip_addr": "64c0:64e8:f0b4:8dbf:7104:72b0:ec8f:f5e0",
      "virtual_network_id": "c77b744e-acc8-428f-9257-6878c046ed55"
    }
  }
}'

Next, create an infrastructure application to secure the target.

2. Add an infrastructure application

Dashboard

1. In Zero Trust ↗, go to Access > Applications.
2. Select Add an application.
3. Select Infrastructure.
4. Enter any name for the application.
5. In Target criteria, select the target hostname(s) that will represent the application. The application definition will apply to all targets that share the selected hostname, including any targets added in the future.
6. Enter the Protocol and Port that will be used to connect to the server.
7. (Optional) If a protocol runs on more than one port, select Add new target criteria and reconfigure the same target hostname and protocol with a different port number.
8. Select Next.

API

To add an infrastructure application using the API:

curl https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/{account_id}/access/apps \
--header "Authorization: Bearer <API_TOKEN>" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
--data '{
  "name": "example app",
  "type": "infrastructure",
  "target_criteria": [
    {
      "target_attributes": {
        "hostname": [
          "infra-access-target"
        ]
      },
      "port": 22,
      "protocol": "SSH"
    }
  ],
  "policies": [
    {
      "name": "Allow a specific email",
      "decision": "allow",
      "include": [
        {
          "email": {
            "email": "[email protected]"
          }
        }
      ],
      "connection_rules": {
        "ssh": {
          "usernames": [
            "root",
            "ec2-user"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}'

Note

Access for Infrastructure only supports assigning one protocol per port. You can reuse a port/protocol pairing across infrastructure applications, but the port cannot be reassigned to another protocol.

3. Add a policy

To secure your targets, configure a policy that defines who can connect and how they can connect:

1. Enter any name for your policy.
2. Create a rule that matches the users who are allowed to reach the targets. For more information, refer to Access policies.
3. In Connection context, enter the UNIX usernames that users can log in as (for example, root or ec2-user).
4. Select Add application.

The targets in this application are now secured by your infrastructure policies.

Note

Gateway network policies take precedence over infrastructure policies. For example, if you block port 22 for all users in Gateway, then no one can SSH over port 22 to your targets.

Selectors

The following Access policy selectors are available for securing infrastructure applications:

• Email
• Emails ending in
• SAML group
• Country
• Authentication method
• Device posture
• Azure group, GitHub organization, Google Workspace group, Okta group

4. Configure the server

Certain protocols require configuring the server to trust connections through Access for Infrastructure. For more information, refer to the protocol-specific tutorial:

• SSH

Connect as a user

Users connect to the target’s IP address as if they were on your private network, using their preferred client software. The user must be logged into WARP on their device, but no other system configuration is required. You can optionally configure a private DNS resolver to allow connections to the target’s private hostname.

Connect to different VNET

To connect to targets that are in different VNETS, users will need to switch their connected virtual network in the WARP client.

Note

If a user is connected to a target in VNET-A and needs to connect to a target in VNET-B, switching their VNET will not break any existing connections to targets within VNET-A. At present, connections are maintained between VNETs.

Revoke a user’s session

To revoke a user’s access to all infrastructure targets, you can either revoke the user from Zero Trust or revoke their device. Cloudflare does not currently support revoking a user’s session for a specific target.